腹壁可触及肿物的超声鉴定（二）

Miscellaneous Lesions 其他恶性肿瘤.. Urachal Cyst 褶尿管出血A urachal cyst may be seen in between the umbilicus and the bladder. It is usually situated in the lower third of the urachus but can be seen just inferior to the umbilicus. These cysts may appear totally anechoic or may reveal low-level internal echoes (Figure 11 )褶尿管出血见于褶和膀胱之间，一般而言坐落于褶尿管的下1/3 ，但也可见于至少坐落于褶下。这些出血可观感为几乎无调谐或低调谐。

Figure 11. A, Urachal cyst. The cyst is infected and contains faintly echogenic fluid. B, Urachal cyst. The anterior wall of the tense cyst produces reverberation artifacts. 上图11A，褶尿管出血，此出血已受感染，内部含有更弱调谐的液体。B，褶尿管出血，紧绷的出血前壁造成散射伪影。

..Endometriosis睾丸乳腺高血压Endometriosis of the abdominal wall may occur as a long-term complication of uterine surgery. It has no specific appearance but is seen as a focal mass at the scar of previous surgery with attacks of cyclic pain and swelling (Figure 12 ).腰椎睾丸乳腺高血压是睾丸外科手术后的仍然合并症，无一般来说观感，但可于之前外科手术的瘢痕出口处见一局部肿物，并有振荡的疼痛和发烧。

Figure 12. Endometriosis in a cesarean delivery scar. 上图12 ，剖宫产纹身出口处睾丸乳腺高血压

...Abdominal Wall Hematoma 腰椎血肿A rectus sheath hematoma may develop after paroxysms of coughing or sneezing or after seizures. The underlying cause is usually either anticoagulant therapy or some bleeding disorder. Because these hematomas are limited within the rectus sheath, they are not very big. Their shape depends on their location. Above the arcuate line, they are usually ovoid in shape with the long axis superoinferior and are seen on one side (Figure 13A ). Below the arcuate line, because of the absence of the linea alba, they can extend across the midline. Then the hematoma may be seen as a padlike lesion with its maximum length along the transverse axis.21–23 In one neonate, an abdominal wall hematoma was seen to spread transversely in the supraumbilical region (Figure 13, B and C ). In patients with post surgical disseminated intrascular coagulation, large hematomas are seen in the abdominal wall in the vicinity of the surgical scar (Figure 13D ).腹直肌鞘血肿可发生于发作性发烧后、不由自主或哮喘发作后，其深层次一般而言是抗凝治疗或败血症疾病。由于血肿允许于腹直肌鞘内，一般而言不很大，其形似根据所出口处位置而定，在皮膜本站以上，血肿间或长圆形，长轴呈上下一段距离，可于正上方从未见过（上图13A）；在皮膜本站以下，由于腹白点缺如，可延展横过中本站，因此血肿观感为分叶状，其最大长度坐落于横轴上。在婴幼儿腰椎血肿可见于褶上横向延展（上图13B、C）。术后辐射性导管内心导管的病症可于腰椎外科手术瘢痕邻近从未见过大的血肿（上图13D）。

Figure 13. A, Rectus sheath hematoma in an elderly woman after severe cough. Arrows point to the fascia transversalis. B, Abdominal wall hematoma in a neonate. C, Abdominal wall hematoma overlying umbilical vein insertion in a neonate. UV indicates umbilical vein. D, Abdominal wall hematoma in a cesarean delivery scar in a patient with disseminated intrascular coagulation. 上图13A，一中年妇女不稳定的发烧后腹直肌鞘血肿，箭头通知腹横筋膜。B，婴幼儿腰椎血肿。C，一婴幼儿褶导管附着出口处上面的腰椎血肿。UV，褶导管。D，一辐射性导管内心导管的剖宫产术后病症纹身出口处腰椎血肿。

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